Why People Write? :: essays papers

Why People Write? People write for many reasons. They write to educate, , and to entertain to present their feelings of emotions of joy or sadness, also to preserve historyIn Maya Angelous story Graduation in Fields of Reading she teaches us almost(predicate) racism in the south in the 1940s. Angelou writes about how schools in the south were segregated. Black students were deprived of resources to enable students to learn. While schools were endowed with all the resources needed for a crowing education. They were going to have the newest microscopes and chemistry equipment for their laboratory.1Not only does Maya Angelou write about lack of resources in the black schools she also writes that even after the students graduated that they further going to be carpenter, athletes and entertainers.and our boys ( the girls werent even on it) would try to be Jesse Owensesand Joe Louises.2 Maya Angelou is not the only writer who wrote to educate her readers. Prince Modupe who wrote The Royal African, educated people about his culture, his religion and how power among his people was passed down through women.Prince Modupe tells us about how his resolution was tested by the elders by fighting with leopards. this is the way a youths courage was tested by the elders of the community.I am that youth whose courage was tested in hand to hand combat with a leopard.3Prince Modupe also talks about how everything is passed down through the women from generation to generation. These things consisting of property, rights, and even the succession to the throne..Our nations system was matriarchal. Grandfather sat the throne because there was no female successor for the office in his mothers familydescended through women.4Another writer who writes to educate is Martin Luther queen. He writes about racism and about non-violence in the United States in the 1960s. King speaks of liberalism and neo-orthodoxy. King says that these two theories are inadequate. Man needs a reason as m uch as he needs God. Liberalism was too sentimental concerning human nature and that it leaned toward a false idealism. On the other hand he says that neo-orthodoxy fell as the mood of anti-rationalism and semi-fundamentalism , ( stressing a narrow biblicism).While I saw neo-orthodoxy as a helpful corrective for a sentimental liberalism,If liberalism was too optimisticneo-orthodoxy was too pessimistic. 5 People also write to entertain, whether it be a unmatched quote or a full comedy to

Riots- Rough notes

Riots were a series of riots, lootings, arson and gracious disturbances that occurred in Los Angels on April twenty-ninth 1992, lasting 6 days through to May 5th. They were triggered by the acquittal of practice of law officers in a trial regarding a videotaped police brutality incident. 4 police officers were caught on amateur video beating an unarmed African- American motorist-Rodney King. The case was taken to trial and the four (white police officers) were acquitted of any ravish doing (by a 12 person Jury 10 whites and no African Americans).The Rodney King Incident TLD only trigger the most destructive US visit disturbance f the 20th century It created outrage In the press and It triggered a national debate on police brutality. In one counselling the riots did what hip hop had been trying to do for years, particularly since 1 988 with the birth of gangs rap agnize the America which existed outside of the Ghettos see what was really going on.According to the calcium Econom ic Development Department between April 1 992 and April 1 992 108,00 local Jobs vanished- Black and Latino communities were hard hit with a combined 29. 7 % in poverty and more than 13% unemployed. In depressed South Central only 45% of African-American males were employed African-Americans have by far the net rate of two-parent families in Southern California Gangs are never going to die out. You all going to get us Jobs? 016-year-old Grape Street Crisp -quoted In microphone Davis (historian) book City of Quartz Bloods and Crisp are the two mall gangs In LA at the time Black gangs Bloods (Red) Crisp (Blue) very territorial, pathway violence, drive by shootings, violent nature, Influenced youth local youth were bored with nothing to do drugs, guns, cars etc the local demographic leading up to and during the riots was ripe for civil unrest Juvenile and adult arrest rates- analyzing this source reliable, police released these were angry and acting out, there was no doubt that there was a violent criminal offense nature brewing in LA What we have is tribe sick of the police and thats when you have a revolution in your hands -Ice Cube why were people sick of the police ? People were angry with the actions they took in order to deal with gang violence in LA one of the main factors in the growing anger amongst communities particular black and Latino ones was the constant racial profiling and targeting of black and Hispanic youths ? by the LAPPED. Operation Hammer for example was an orifice employed by the LAPPED in order to crack down on gang violence. Their aim was to arrest and incarcerate suspected gang members before they could pass on a crime. What this objective led to was mass arrests of youths becoming common and as a consequence a large number of those arrested were never charged ? loss many personally victimized by the police force ? greater number of hostility towards the police. *Complaints against police brutality increased by 33% in the period of 1984 and 1989 but only 1% of those complaints were ever followed up.In 1982 for example following a rash of LAPPED chuckhole killings of young black men in clutch Chief Gates advanced the theory that the deaths were the faults of the victims racial anatomy and not excessive police force and I quote We may be purpose that in some Blacks when the chuckhole is applied the veins or arteries do not open up as fast as they do on pattern people. Many statements like these were constantly made in the media e. G Tonight we pick me up for anything and everything. OLAP spokesman (9 April 1988) l think people believe that the only scheme we have is to put a lot of police officers n the way and harass people and make arrests for inconsequential kinds of things. Well, thats part of the strategy, no question active it. Chief Gate The use of the phrases normal people, tonight we pick them up for anything, Harass people etc is inflammatory in a society which is already deeply affected by is sues of poverty, lack of education, lack of Jobs, broken families and prejudice. White perspective ? the general perspective of the white community LA TIMES convey you very much for the interview with Police Chief Daryl Gates and County Sheriff Sherman Block. You gave them a fair chance to explain crime and gangs. Much too often the media make these two important law-enforcement gentlemen out as being callous and insensitive to the communitys needs. Fortunately, we got to see the real side to these heroes who are trying to protect us as best they can. JASON M.NONSOCIAL Glendale proud of the policing strategies they implemented saw the gang culture as an epidemic Chief Gates saw the Rodney King verdict as molest because the police officers stepped out of line but in an interview still tried to defend them, giving them Monnet to beating Rodney King up Sick and hackneyed of gang bangers ( to put it simply) Saw gangs rap as a threat to the youth they wanted to shut them up Worked with the government and publicly criticized groups like N. W. A tried to arrest as many as they could they were scared of the hood they believed that there were a few corrupt individuals in the LAPPED but the whole LAPPED wasnt subvert but why and what was the effect ?The police perspective generally was a reaction to what the community were saying and feeling (white particularly and sometimes other aces), people were scared to sit on dining tables in case they would get shot. While it gave a sense of protection (protect and serve) to some move of the communities, others felt victims, the LAPPED insisted they were not racist, Just careful. The perspective of black youths was represented through the art form of gangs rap ? a voice for the voiceless. Police brutality is all the way a common theme throughout many gangs rap lines, the actions of police led to a lot of resentment towards police as seen in the song photograph that Police ?Analyses a few lyrics from songs and family detac hment.Buck that police ? first indicator of low education -derogatory label is used on themselves- maybe thats the point (Amiga) -constant references to the police ? the broken relationship between the communities and police Authority to kill a minority ? not literally kill but destroy the foundations of their culture (police brutality ? people are angry) -the whole last part of the song links back to Operation Hammer ? why it made people angry (searching people because they were black, prejudices etc) Buck that police in particular was the theme song for the riots as the lyrics spoke to he people-resonating with what they were feeling Gangs rap artists like Ice- T and NNW, saw themselves as street reporters most of the situations in their rap is secondary accounts of things, personae taken on and its hardly personal situations It neither glorifies nor says its k for these things to be happening but then from a black perspective- is what the LAPPED doing k ?

Blue Ocean Strategy Essay

Businesses are al federal agencys striving to be the better contenders than their competitors. Different theories take a shit been thrown out to see which the best one would be. The Blue Ocean Strategy theory says that companies would be better looking for rooms in which they argue against themselves and that is all. W. Chan Kim and Renee Mauborgne wrote a book called Blue Ocean Strategy. There is a term called Red Ocean which consists of businesses are viciously fighting against each early(a) for their place in the specific marketplace. These two authors then came up with the idea of the Blue Ocean Strategy where organizations are able to find a way to work in the marketplace that isnt bloodied by the competition and is free of competitors.The Blue Ocean Strategy is based where a study of 150 strategic moves spanning over 30 different industries. In the book, the authors argue that leading companies result succeed not by battling competitors, save by steadily creating blue oce ans of accepted market space ripe for growth. The strategy is the simultaneous pursuit of differentiation and utter cost, with the theory behind it not to out-perform the competition in the existing industry, but to create new market space or a blue ocean, thereby making the competition unrelated.Toyota Motor Corporation has moved from being a process innovation to becoming a product innovator thanks to its Value Innovation Strategy. Value Innovation is the simultaneous pursuit of differentiation and low cost, creating a leap in value for both buyers and the company. Because value to buyers comes from the offerings utility minus its toll, and because value to the company is generated from the offerings price minus its cost, value innovation is achieved only when the whole system of utility, price, and cost is aligned.A Red Ocean Strategy is a strategy which is aims to fight and lave thecompetition. In this case Toyota would mainly be focusing on their competitors and what their competitors are doing and how their company would be able to be first in that specific railroad car industry. A Red Ocean Strategy ultimately leads to an organization choosing to follow one of two strategies differentiation or low cost. Whichever is chosen the organization must(prenominal) align all activities with one of these strategic directions. Companies try to outperform their rivals to grab a greater share of existing demand, usually through marginal changes in offering level and price. As the market space gets crowded, prospects for profits and growth are reduced. Products become commodities, and cut-throat competition turns the red ocean bloody.No matter what conclusion a company makes there will still be competition for business. Now a day no matter what industry you are in there will always be strong competition. For the industry that I am in there so much competition and so legion(predicate) companies that do the same thing. Although we clearly want all the business that just does not happen. Even though our industry is so large everyone knows each otherwise where we are able to co-market and help each other out.A good friend of mine is a competitor of my company, he has been in the industry way longer than I have and he told me that he would love to help me out. One of the things that he told me was I will help out and there will always be insurance agents that will use different people but as long as we stay on the rotation propensity then it is all good. It is important for me to gain the relationships and really keep my names and face out there that way clients will know me and eventually I can get a good job out of it. If you stay competitive and not bite the heads off of your competitors you should be ok that way everything stays clean and not messy.

Agent Banking for Bangladesh

VOL 20 NO 157 REGD NO DA 1589 Dhaka, Thursday, March 28 2013 http//www. fe-bd. com/index. php? ref=MjBfMDNfMjhfMTNfMV85Ml8xNjQ1NzA= Bangladesh depone building mulls promoter banking for fiscal inclusionM S Siddiqui Agent banking is a financial service offered to customers by a third party on behalf of a financial trigger (FI). An agentive role is an entity that is engaged by an FI to provide specific financial work on its behalf using the agents premises.It is an additional delivery channel that merchantman enhance the convenience, the outreach of caliber and affordable financial services, particularly to the underserved, in a more personify-efficient manner. Such an ar targetment is a cheaper way for FIs to reach out to the underserved population. The use of the bourne agent is not necessarily a reference to an agent in the traditional legal sense of a party authorised by a principal(prenominal) to act on the principals behalf and for whom the principal is conceivabl e with respect to activities taken by the agent within the scope of its agency relationship or contract.An agent is every third party acting on behalf of a bank, whether pursuant to an agency agreement, service agreement, or other similar arrangement. In most countries, the principal banker is liable under a law for the actions of its agents, whether much(prenominal) actions are explicitly or implicitly authorised. Liability for the actions of a non-agent entity acting on behalf of the bank whitethorn be different and lead often depend on the contractual agreement.However, a banks financial obligation (whether by law or contract) for third-party actors will likely impact the banks policies and procedures, which will in turn impact the supervisers oversight of the bank. The Bangladesh Bank has m either recent projects for inclusive financial packages to reach out to non-bankable citizens. Achieving financial inclusion therefore requires groundbreaking duty models that dramatic e ithery reduce costs for everyone and thus pave the way for profitable extension of financial services to the poor citizens. A major barricade to financial inclusion is he cost-not only the cost incurred by banks in servicing low value accounts and extending banking infrastructure to underserved, low-income areas, but also the cost incurred by poor customers, in terms of time and expense in reaching bank branches. The banking agent method emphasises greater efforts towards achieving the vision of an inclusive financial agreement that best serves all members of society, including the underserved, to take up access and usage of quality and affordable essential financial services. FIs do-nothing reach an additional client segment or a geographical area.Reaching poor clients in rural areas is often prohibitively expensive for financial institutions, since transaction numbers and volumes do not cover the cost of a branch. In much(prenominal) environments banking agents use their exis ting retail infrastructure. Lower set-up and running cost can play a vital role in offering many low income people their first time access to a range of financial services. Also, low income clients often feel more homely banking at their local store than walking into a marble branch. The clients benefit from the agents banks with lower transaction cost and service, but closer to the clients home.Bankable persons visit stores anyway for groceries all the day, enjoy services with a low-downer crowd than in branches. Globally, retailers and post offices are increasingly utilised as important distribution channels for financial institutions. The points of service range from post offices in the outback of Australia where clients from all banks can conduct their transactions, to rural France where the bank Credit Agricole uses corner stores to provide financial services, to small lottery outlets in Brazil at which clients can receive their social leavements and access their bank accoun ts.It has been used very well in Latin the States and Asia. on that point are few African countries that have taken up agency banking. Cheaper to operate It has been found in research that agent banking systems are up to three times cheaper to operate than branches for two reasons. First, agent banking minimises fixed costs by leveraging existing retail outlets and reducing the need for financial agent banks to invest in their own infrastructure. Second, acquisition costs are lower for bank-enabled agents and bank wallets.The advancement in information and communication technology (ICT) has brought with it the tremendous alteration in the banking industry. Currently, agent banking is an integral part of modern banking in many countries. Banks in Bangladesh are offering services for conveyance of title of money from overseas to any remote area of the country. The payment of different utility bills through mobile bank outlets is very common. The agent banking will provide much more services to the clients.Whether a client accesses his bank account at the agents outlet or in a branch or at an ATM does not demonstrate any difference. Technology can enable banks and their customers to interact remotely in a trusted way through the existing local retail outlets. guests can be issued bank cards with appropriate personal identification number (PIN)-based or biometric security features and the local store-the banking agent can be equipped with a point of service (POS) device controlled by and connected to the bank using a phone line or wireless or satellite technology.Infrastructure requirements can be further reduced by using mobile phones both to hold virtual cards for customers and as a POS device at the store. Responsibilities of agents The agents have many responsibilities. Such responsibilities include * apply diligence in validating a customers identity and transactions to avoid entering into fraudulent transactions or dealing with fraudsters * carry on a transaction record book, being evidence of every transaction undertaken in the specified format or in such a manner as required by the bank.The transaction record book should be the property of the bank and be returned to the bank by the agent upon termination of the contract or when it is fully completed before issuance of a new transaction record book * comply with the banks Know Your Customer (KYC) and Anti-money Laundering/Combating Financing of Terrorism (AML/CFT) requirements and/or laws or other regulations in force * keep details of customers or customer transactions confidential * maintain their connectivity with the internet in order to gain access to the web agent portal provide sufficient cash for the location offering cash laden and payout services * comply with the central bank regulations, where the online web portal is in use * display merchandising materials provided at their location * ensure employees are accomplished by the bank on agency operations. Banks als o have to ensure that agents, as extensions of the banking system, are able to provide professional customer service, keep records, share cash, and manage liquidity. As a result, one of the primary questions regulators grapple with is who can act as an agent.BBs initiatives The ongoing global expansion of high-tech telecommunications infrastructure, coupled with the increase availability of advanced information technology services, is having an impact on almost every industry, including banking. The Bangladesh Bank (BB) plans allowing agent banking to gear up further its drive for financial inclusion aiming to help the government achieve sustainable economic growth. The BB has already laid the required foundation for agent banking by introducing mobile banking that has already got a good response, especially from rural people.Currently, eight banks are providing mobile banking services involving the countrys major mobile phone operators. Many countries permit a wide range of indiv iduals and legal entities to be agents for banks. Other countries limit the list of eligible agents on the basis of a legal form. For example, India permits a wide variety of eligible agents, such as certain nonprofits, post offices, some shop owners, retired teachers and most recently, profit companies including mobile network operators (MNOs).Explicitly excluded, however, are the largest microfinance institutions (MFIs) registered as non-bank finance companies (NBFCs). Kenya takes a different approach, requiring agents to be for-profit actors and disallowing non-profit entities (like non-governmental organisations (NGOs), educational institutions, and faith-based organisations). In another example, Brazil permits any legal entity to act as an agent, but prevents individuals from doing so. The issue of obligation There is the delicate issue of obligation of any mistake or misappropriation.Imposing liability on banks for acts of their agents is often the key factor in giving banke rs the comfort require to permit the use of agents. There is a point of imposing liability on banks for agents non-compliance with bankers requirements. Imposing liability on banks for acts of their agents is often the key factor in giving banks the comfort needed to permit the use of agents. The bank liability for agents noncompliance forces the agents to ensure professional agent behaviour and agents compliance with agreed norms and rules issued by central bank.All countries that permit bank agents also impose bank liability for these agents. Brazil, a country with perhaps the most widespread use of banking agents, requires banks to be fully responsible for services rendered by its agents. Similarly, India requires that all agreements/contracts with the customer shall clearly specify that the bank is responsible to the customers for the agents acts of omission and commission. Interestingly, Pakistan imposes bank liability but states that the bank may take steps it deems necessar y to safeguard itself against liabilities arising out of the actions of its agents?. This clause suggests that banks should enter into indemnification agreements with their agents-a protection that could steer banks toward large and well-capitalised agents capable of indemnifying the bank while forgoing agent relationships with smaller retailers who may nevertheless be better positioned to serve the low-income population segments. However, despite the widespread imposition of liability for agents acts, financial inclusion goals would benefit from limiting the provider liability to those actions or omissions related to the provision of financial services.A failure to do so potentially increases costs of the financial services provider who may have to pay damages for agents actions unrelated to the purpose of the agency. These costs could have a market chilling effect, negatively impacting not only on the emergence of viable business models but also the ease and speed by which such mo dels reach a certain scale. Some countries more clearly limit the extent of liability to the financial services provided. For example, Kenyas banking agent guidelines impose liability on banks for agents actions, even if not authorised in the agency contract.The service accuse of an agent is a matter of concern. Nearly all countries prohibit the agent from charging customers directly for agent services, and some countries even restrict how much a bank can charge customers for agent transactions. Such well meaning regulations, aimed at protecting customers from excessive fees, can endanger the spread of branchless banking models, if they leave participants unable to make an unexceptionable return in light of the unique challenges and costs of reaching the poor.According to the BB plan, the agent could be an employee of bank who would offer people banking services including deposit and withdrawal of cash, transfer of fund, bill payment and the receipt of remittance, salary and gover nment benefits. We would wait with interest for the BB rules on bank agency, particularly the list of eligible agents, the liability of errors and omission of agents. The generator is pursuing PhD at Open University, Malaysia emailprotected com

Blue Ocean Strategy Canvas & the Four Actions Framework Essay

Applying the Blue Ocean Approach December 3, 2012 Problem Statement B-cycle charges an annual fee in range of $50-100 for membership thereby making its offering uncompetitive against mass roulette wheel merchandizers like Wal-Mart and Target who sell bikes at highly discounted and cheap prices. compendium Plan/Data Used/Key Assumptions Analysis Plan We will use the Blue Ocean Strategy Canvas & the Four Actions Framework to rate steps B-Cycle needs to take to stay ahead of its red ocean bike dealership competitor. Key Assumptions1. Purchasing a bicycle is a discretional spend 2. There is a strong market for cheaper substitutes to owning a bicycle Data 1. B-Cycle charges an annual fee in range of $50-100 (Source B-Cycle website) for its membership while its employ fee is relatively cheaper in range of $5 for 24 hours to $15 for 7-day rental2. Mass merchandizers like Wal-Mart & Target dominate Bicycle Dealership & retail industry, which is a $6.1 billion industry, with 75% market s hare (Source IBIS Industry Report)3. A mass merchandizer like Wal-Mart sells a comfort & cruiser bike at a starting price of $69-884. B-cycle charges fees up to $1200 for red ink and damage to its bike (Source B-cycle website) Data Analysis & Conclusions B-cycle annual membership fee is at same price draw as the retail price of a comfort or cruiser bike sold by WalMart which makes buying a bike a more(prenominal) tempting proposition as opposed to renting a bike.B-Cycle does not offer liability protection for bike damage and customers could end up remunerative up to $1200 in damage fees which makes it very expensive proposition compared to owning ones bike. In order for B-Cycle offering to compete effectively against mass merchandizing bicycle dealership like Wal-Mart, B-Cycle should make its price proposition more attractive for customers so they can rent a bike as opposed to buying a bike.Recommendations to Management Eliminate Membership Fees. Create a loyalty program for its members that rewards members based on usage. Reduce customer liabilities against damage or loss of a bike by offering protection program. Increase locations across the country to gain footprint and market share in the bike rental segment.

Aggression & Biological explanations

The demand to understand aggression over the years has continued to intensify as it remains the central author for broken families and relationships, societal conflicts and most importantly the major cause of incarceration for people in all age groups.Though some scholars have concluded that biologic causes of aggression, the ability to address it by changing things in the environ manpowert at different levels of growth and develop manpowert makes it to be more psychological.However, it is the findings from many scholars that men atomic number 18 more vulturous than women which that has resulted to a more heated debate. Joel et al (2010) found that women suffered about 65% of the total domestic violence.Aggression is any action or look by members of the same community that is intended to instill pain or cause harm to a specified target for instance murder, domestic violence, manslaughter, and exacerbate assault. It from this consideration that this evaluation intrinsically anal yzes aggression and why men are more offensive compared to women.Biological explanations(a) Variation in libido levelsAccording to Yvonne et al (2010), an individuals actions jackpot be traced from his respective genetic constitutions of chemicals that command them. In this case, aggression arises from stimulation of these chemicals and their relation to respective environments.Biologically, mens higher levels of aggression can be understood from two different perspectives. First the psychodynamic theory by Sigmund Freud considers behavior as a derivative and motivated by sexual and libido energies.Aggression is therefore a libido representation as exemplified by the Oedipus complex. With mens libido being relatively higher compared to women as Rhiannon ands Crisp (2010) explain, their aggressiveness is equally higher. At childhood level, a male child of about five years develops strong sexual desires to his mother after realization that she is the provider of food.Notably, this innate desire to associate with the mother makes the boy to develop and display aggressive behavior towards the father who is considered an immediate rival. For the girls, they seek to associate more with their fathers from penis envy before they are able to dismiss the conflict. Though Yvonne et al (2010) differ with Society for Neuroscience (2007) on libido extent in causing aggressive behavior, they emphasize that boys often take longer and their aggression is plain from a broader perspective (in school and community) compared to girls.Report by Sigelman and Rider (2008) indicate that boys and girls exhibit aggression in about 10% and 6% of their varied social behaviors respectively.(b) evolutionary explanationsBuss (2005) consideration presents aggression as a factor of an individuals chemical constitution and heredity effects. Over the years different genes are passed mastered through generations to facilitate their survival in the community. Similar to non-human organisms where staminates fight for mating preferences and food, men equally seek to control their dominance in the community and institutions.Following the male dominance in most of the top executive positions, their aggression is projected at protecting themselves, their progenies and even relatives an aspect that soon turns into a cycle with plainly one family or region being in leadership or management. Notably, this consideration has however received major criticism as emerging scholars citation environmental factors as the main cause of aggression.Neurotransmitter chemicals differences in men and women determine the levels of aggression in them. Society for Neuroscience (2007) indicates that serotonin, a major neurotransmitter messenger, in ordinary levels as it mostly happens with women, have a calming effect. However, men largely have a major deficiency of serotonin which has been linked to greater aggression levels.However, these results protrude to contradict previous findings by Garandeau and Cillessen (2006) which indicated that serotonin causes aggression when in higher levels. . Yvonne et al (2010) findings are further supported by Buss (2005) who indicates that serotonin is apply in treating aggressive behavior. conflicting other causes of aggression which appear to be controversial in causing aggression in people, high levels of the testosterone (male sex hormone) in men compared to women is a major cause of their aggressive behavior.Rhiannon ands Crisp (2010) explain that in a jail with males of violent crimes, their levels of testosterone was found to be higher compared to those without criminal record. Unlike women, mens testosterone levels easily rise at slightest provocation to make them easily get involved in different crimes.Therefore, though testosterone among men is generally high compared to women, it requires an effective precursor situation for one to be involved in aggression activity.Psychological underpinnings(a) Social learningIn h is view which appears to partially support biological causes of aggression, sulphur and Georgina (2007) postulate that psychological considerations have more weight. Naturally, people are subjected to differing environments which mould how they react to various situations.According to Albert Banduras social learning theory, when people are subjected to aggressive environments, they internalize and latter practice touchd actions (Hines and Saudino, 2003). In his experiment with children on aggressive and non-aggressive dolls, Bandura found that related aggression and non-aggressiveness was effectively replicated. However, why are men more aggressive than women?From a cultural perspective, South and Georgina (2007) argues that men are expected to be handy and therefore often subject themselves to key aggressive events. For instance, more boys often prefer hostile computer games as girls prefer working with dolls. South and Georgina (2007) adds that as men grow up, they often seek to relate with more aggressive systems as they consider them to be useful in defending themselves and their families.For instance, men will always seek to build up their boy muscles, train in defense skills and also watch hostile media which could easily result to aggression. As indicated earlier, internalization of these violent actions creates a series of constant feedbacks reflected in their behavior as aggression.

Osmosis and Diffusion Essay

The basic principles of Osmosis and Diffusion were tested and examined in this lab. We examined the pct increase of quid and molarity of different submergings of saccharose in the dialysis foot emerged in distilled body of pissing supply and the potato cores emerged in concentrations of sucrose. The data reinforces the principles of Osmosis and Diffusion, and in a biological context, we can simulate how water and particles touch in and out of our admit cells. IntroductionObjective1. Investigate the process of osmosis and diffusion in a model of a membrane system.2. Investigate the effect of solute concentration on water probable as it relates to living plant tissue. Background In make waterationMolecules are in constant motion they tend to move from areas of high concentration, to areas of low concentration. This large principle is divided into two categories diffusion and osmosis. Diffusion is the random movement of molecules from an area of higher concentration to an area of lower concentration. This is considered a passive form of transportation because it does not require any additional energy to transport the molecules. In the body, carbon dioxide and oxygen can diffuse across cell membranes.Osmosis is a special type of diffusion where water moves through a selectively permeable membrane from a region of higher water potential to a region of lower water potential. In our body, water diffuses across cell membranes through osmosis. Water potential is the measure of free energy of water in a tooth root and is shown with the use of the symbol . Water potential is affected by two factors osmotic potential () and pressure potential (p). Osmotic potential is dependent on the solute concentration, and pressure potential which is the energy that forms from exertion of pressure either positive or negative on a solution. The equation to distinguish the sum of water potential is Water Potential = Pressure Potential + Osmotic Potentialw = p + The purpose of this lab is to observe the corporal effects of osmosis and diffusion and to determine if it actually takes place. We hypothesize that, because molecules diffuse down a concentration gradient, the mass of the dialysis tubes leading increase, and we believe that as the molarity increases, the percent of change in mass will also increase. HypothesisDiffusion and osmosis will occur until dynamic equilibrium is reached. As the sucrose concentration of the solution increases so will the mass. MaterialsExercise 11. 6 strips of dialysis tubing2. Distilled water 15-20ml3. 0.4 M sucrose 15-20ml4. 0.8 M sucrose 15-20ml5. 0.2 M sucrose 15-20ml6. 0.6 M sucrose 15-20ml7. 1.0 M sucrose 15-20ml8. 6 BeakersExercise 21. 100ml of distilled water2. 100ml of 0.4 M sucrose3. 100ml of 0.8 M sucrose4. 100ml of 0.2 M sucrose5. 100ml of 0.6 M sucrose6. 100ml of 1.0 M sucrose7. 6 Beakers8. Potato slices (4 for each solution)9. Scale10. Plastic wrap11. ThermometerMethodsExercise 11. Obtain 6 strips of dial ysis tubing and tie a sweep up in one end of each. 2.Pour approximately 15-20ml of each of the following solutions into separate bags. 3. Remove most of the air from the bag and tie the baggie.4. Rinse the baggie guardedly in distilled water to send off any sucrose that may have spilled and carefully blot.5. Record the mass of each baggie and record.6. Fill six 250ml beakers 2/3 full with distilled water and place a bag in each of them. Make sure that you record which baggie is which.7. Let the bag sit for 20-30 minutes.8. After 20-30 minutes, remove baggies from the water, and carefully blot dry.9. Measure the mass of each baggie and record.Exercise 21. Pour 100ml of your assigned solution into a beaker. Slice a potato into 4 equal lengths about the shape of French fries or tubes. 2. Determine the mass of the 4 potato cylinders together and record. 3. Place the cylinders into the beaker with your assigned solutions and cover with pliable wrap. Leave overnight. 4. Remove the cyl inders from the beakers and carefully dry them. Record the room temperature in Celsius. 5. Determine the mass of the 4 potato cylinders together and record.From these results, it can be cogitate that the hypothesis is justified and correct. The data shows that the mass increased as the concentration of the sucrose solution increased. Osmosis is clearly being replicated in the sensible form. Analysis miscellany in mass depends on the concentration of sucrose within the dialysis bags. If the concentration of sucrose is greater inside the bag than outside, then water will move into the bag. If the concentration of sucrose is lower inside the bag than outside, then water will move out of the bag. These two things are directly proportional. As the mass increases, so does the molarity. These are inversely proportional because whenever the sucrose molarity inside the bag is more concentrated, it will become more dilute and vise versa. The solutions will reach equilibrium somewhere betwee n the two concentrations.The hypothesis is accepted based on the data that was obtained because as the sucrose concentration increased so did the final mass of the solutions. One possible source of error could be the tightness of the string that tied off the dialysis tubing. If there was a leak or a break in the dialysis tubing, all of the data would be off. Another possible source of error could be that the students did not pat dry the potato sample well enough causing drops to be left on the electronic balance, tarring it incorrectly, causing all other data to be off slightly. fair mathematical errors always occur, so there is always room for simple algebraic mistakes in this section of the lab.ConclusionThe purpose of this lab was to describe the physical mechanism of osmosis and diffusion and describe how molar concentration affects diffusion. We havenow observed how solutions diffuse in different situations, always from a high concentration to a low concentration, and how mola r concentration affect diffusion, as the molarity goes up, more solution is diffused. We hypothesized that because molecules diffuse down a concentration gradient, the mass of the dialysis tubes will increase, and also that as the molarity increases, the percent of change in mass will also increase. Our data did support our conclusion.Exercise 1 proved that water moves across the selectively permeable membrane of the dialysis tubing much easier than sucrose sugar does. The water moved to reach equilibrium between the solutions. Sucrose must(prenominal) be too large a molecule to pass through the membrane quickly. Exercise 2 showed that the potato samples took in water when immersed in a distilled water solution. Potatoes must contain sucrose molecules due to the conclusion of this lab because the potatoes take in water in the distilled water beaker. Potatoes had a lower water potential and higher solute potential than the distilled water. It is just the opposite inside the beaker.W orks CitedPHSchool The Biology Place. Prentice Hall Bridge Page. Pearson Education, June 2007. Web. 12 Sept.2011. Moulton, Glen E. Cell Theory, Form, and Function changeable Mosaic Model of Membrane Structure and Function Infoplease.com. Infoplease Encyclopedia, Almanac, Atlas, Biographies, Dictionary, Thesaurus. Free Online Reference, Research & Homework Help. Infoplease.com. Web. 14 Sept. 2011. http//www.infoplease.com/cig/biology/fluid-mosaic Bowen, R. (2000, July 2). Osmosis. Retrieved February 14, 2009, from http//www.vivo.colostate.edu/hbooks/cmb/cells/pmemb/osmosis.html Sheppard, T. (2004). Diffusion and Osmosis. Retrieved February 14, 2009, from http//www.blobs.org/science/article.php?article=20 Campbell, N. A., & Reece, J. B. (2005). Biology (7th ed.). New York Pearson Education Inc.